Robotic surgery can be considered as a “step forward” in laparoscopic surgery. Surgeon does not stand behind the operating table, but controls the intervention using a special console. The image is seen three-dimensionally, what facilitates the view of the surgical field and improves precision. The Da Vinci robots are used widely in surgeries of prostate, kidney, colon, bladder, in the cancer of head and neck, the uterus and appendages, and in tumors of the chest.
The Da Vinci system consists of a console, which is usually located in the same room as the patient, and four robotic arms. One of the arms is an endoscopic camera with two lenses, which allows to obtain a stereoscopic image. Other three arms are surgical instruments e.g. scalpels, scissors or cautery tools. The surgeon controls the course of an intervention by watching it through a pair of binoculars, he can also maneuver the two pedals and two manual controllers. Surgeon’s movements are transformed into more precise movements of the robot using the a special scale. Thus shaking of the operator’s hands can be eliminated [1].
An operation with the utilization of the da Vinci robot is easier for the surgeon than traditional laparoscopy, because the doctor can operate while sitting, as well as watch the operative field in the 3 D, life-size, 10 times magnification. The da Vinci robot allows to see those areas, to which insight with traditional surgery is difficult to obtain (operations of prostate, uterus and appendages, rectum, excision of tumors of the skull base). The operator’s eyes are in one line with the instruments and to change the position of surgical instruments a surgeon needs only to use his hands [1,4].
Operation with the utilization of the Da Vinci robot is easier for the surgeon than traditional laparoscopy, because the doctor can operate while sitting, as well as watch the operative field in the 3D, life-size, 10 times magnification. The da Vinci robot allows to see those areas, to which insight with traditional surgery is difficult to obtain (operations of prostate, uterus and appendages, rectum, excision of tumors of the skull base). The operator’s eyes are in one line with the instruments and to change the position of surgical instruments a surgeon needs only to use his hands [1,4].
The da Vinci technology brings many benefits to the patient: reduces bleeding, amount of stitches and the scar is smaller (due to the smaller cut). With the help of the robot the patient can be operated through small holes (size of 0.5-2cm). All this allows to discharge patient from the hospital faster, and reduces duration of recovery. The risk of infection is minimal[4,7].
The da Vinci robots are frequently used to perform prostatectomy and hysterectomy. The device can also be useful in vascular and cardiac surgery as well as in surgery of the digestive tract. In experimental oncology, the possibility of using a robot to resect the liver and pancreatic cancer is being investigated [6].
In 2012, more than 200,000 robotic surgeries around the world were performed. In all countries operate more than 2,000 such devices (in January 2013) [6]. Most of the Da Vinci robots are located in the United States, in Italy there are 54, in Germany 48 in the Czech Republic and Romania 9.
Autor: Magdalena Mroczek
Źródło:
1.http://www.intuitivesurgical.com/
2.http://www.wssk.wroc.pl/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=267
3.http://www.se.pl/wydarzenia/kraj/wroclaw-robot-da-vinci-pomog-przeszczepic-nerke_299988.html
4.http://www.chirurgiarobotowa.pl
5.http://www.gazetawroclawska.pl/artykul/427763,robot-da-vinci-niewykorzystany-cud,2,id,t,sa.html
6.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Da_Vinci_Surgical_System
7.http://davincisurgery.pl
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